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癌症复发。癌症幸存者有癌症复发的风险。有些癌症比其他癌症更容易复发。请咨询医生如何降低癌症复发的风险。治疗后，医生可能会为您设计一份随访护理计划。该计划可能包括在治疗后的几个月和几年里定期进行扫描和检查，以寻找癌症复发的迹象。
允许其快速增长。基因突变可以命令细胞快速增长和分裂。这将产生许多具有相同突变的新细胞。
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Cancer diagnosis might cause psychological distress and psychosocial interventions, such as talking therapy, could support those with this.
從正常組織到腫瘤組織的形態變化 癌組織在顯微鏡下具有鮮明的外觀，主要是有大量分裂中的細胞、變大的細胞核、細胞大小與形狀改變、失去細胞特化的特徵、失去正常組織結構和細胞間的邊界變的不明顯。免疫組織化學染色法和其他分子生物學標記方法可根據腫瘤細胞的特徵提早發現腫瘤，而有助於診斷和預後。
准确诊断癌症对采取适当有效的治疗措施必不可少，因为每种癌症类型都需要特定的治疗方案。治疗通常包括手术、放疗和/或全身性治疗（化疗、激素治疗、靶向生物治疗）。适当选择治疗方案既要考虑癌症又要考虑接受治疗的个体情况。在限定时间内完成治疗方案对于实现预期的治疗效果很重要。
A significant proportion of cancers are adenocarcinomas, with typical histopathology characteristics demonstrated, Whilst they vary substantially from case to case. Cancers are classified by the type of mobile which the tumor cells resemble and is particularly therefore presumed to become the origin from the tumor. These kinds contain:
除了切除原發性腫瘤之外，癌症的病程分期（英语：staging）也需要手術的協助。例如，確定腫瘤惡化的程度與是否發生淋巴結轉移。病程分期主要可用來推測預後和是否需要實行輔助治療（英语：adjuvant therapy）。有時手術也被用來控制症狀以減輕病人痛苦，如脊髓壓迫或腸阻塞，稱為紓緩治療。
大约三分之一的癌症死亡源自烟草使用、高体重指数、酒精消费、水果和蔬菜摄入量低以及缺乏身体活动。此外，空气污染是肺癌的一个重要危险因素。
Complementary and option most cancers treatment options are a various team of therapies, techniques and products which are usually not A part of regular drugs.[202] "Complementary drugs" refers to techniques and substances utilised in addition to traditional medication, though "choice medication" refers to compounds used as opposed to regular drugs.[203] Most complementary and option medicines for most cancers have not been researched or analyzed employing common techniques like scientific trials.
Individuals that report a higher quality of life have a tendency to survive for a longer time.[209] Individuals with decrease quality of life could possibly be influenced by melancholy together with other troubles and/or sickness development that both equally impairs high-quality and amount of daily life. Moreover, clients with worse prognoses could be frustrated 癌症 or report poorer Standard of living given that they perceive that their condition is probably going to get deadly.[citation necessary]
An invasive ductal carcinoma in the breast (pale area at the center) surrounded by spikes of whitish scar tissue and yellow fatty tissue
手术治疗主要用于去除瘤灶，达到治疗的目的，同时也适用于癌症的预防、诊断、 分期、术后结构重建与功能康复等。这种方法不存在生物抵抗性；无潜在致癌可能； 不受肿瘤差异性影响；能提供准确的病理分期及组织学类型；适用于大部分未扩散 的肿瘤。但是会破坏正常组织；可有手术并发症，可致畸形、影响正常功能，甚至 危及生命；已有转移者，不能完全治愈；重要器官无法彻底切除。